Animal welfare FAQs

A licence is required when any of the licensable activities outlined in Schedule 1 of the regulations are undertaken. These are:

• selling animals as pets (Part 2)
• providing or arranging for the provision of boarding for cats or dogs (including the provision of boarding for cats; kennels for dogs; home boarding for dogs; or day care for dogs (Part 3)
• hiring out horses (Part 4)
• breeding dogs (Part 5)
• keeping or training animals for exhibition (Part 6)

Any individual, who will be designated as the operator of the business, can apply for a licence providing they:

• can demonstrate that they are a fit and proper person to carry out the licensable activity and meet the licence conditions
• are not disqualified from holding a licence in accordance with Regulation 11 and Schedule 8

Licence applications must be submitted in writing along with any supportive information and the appropriate fee. We are currently revising our standard application forms and these will be available shortly and uploaded to our website. We will notify licence holders when their existing licence will expire (3 months prior to expiry) and licence holders must make a new application at least 10 weeks before the licence expires to continue the activity without a break.

DEFRA has produced mandatory conditions and associated guidance for each licensable activity. These are divided into two categories namely General Conditions (stipulated in Schedule 2) and Specific Conditions from the associated Schedule of the Regulations.

You must meet the requirements of all the minimum standards, although minor failings may be noted/recorded providing they do not compromise the welfare of the animals (these should be predominantly administrative in nature).

In addition each licensable activity (with the exception of the keeping or training animals for exhibition) also stipulates further optional conditions for 'higher standards'.

Specific details will be stipulated on the inspection report.

Existing operators will be risk rated against a standard 14 point criteria checklist which considers a number of factors relating to compliance history, complaints, welfare standards and management standards. This scoring system will determine if they are rated as either low risk (a score of 17 or less) or high risk (a score of 18 or more).

All new businesses which do not have three years of operational/compliance history with a Local Authority or UKAS accredited scheme will be rated as high risk.

Licences for the keeping or training animals for exhibition are not risk rated.

For each activity (except keeping or training animals for exhibition) a number of 'higher standards' have been agreed. Meeting the higher standards is optional but is the only way to gain the highest star rating.

The higher standards are classified into two categories:

• required (mandatory)
• optional

These will usually be colour coded into blue and red respectively.

To qualify as meeting the higher standards the business must achieve all the required (mandatory) standards as well as a minimum of 50% of the optional higher standards.

Licences can be issued for a period of either one, two or three years depending on the risk rating and level of compliance. This also corresponds with the Star Rating for the establishment. See scoring matrix in the 'Star rating scheme' section below.

The current level of licence fees are displayed below under the 'Fees and charges' section. All fees have been calculated taking into account the statutory guidance stipulated in Regulation 13.

All licence applications will be assessed based on the following criteria:

• an assessment of the operator (applicant) as to whether they are a fit and proper person to carry out the licensable activity, their knowledge, experience, compliance history, ability to meet their licence conditions and whether they are currently disqualified from making an application
• an inspection of the site of the licensable activity by a suitably qualified inspector (and where applicable accompanied by a registered veterinarian)
• the submission of the inspectors report which will contain information about the operator, details of the premises, records, conditions of the animals, the risk rating score, compliance details and a statement on whether licence conditions will be met
• the payment of the appropriate licence fee

Where a licence is issued the council will provide the following details:

• the Licence with the Star Rating
• details of how the business has been rated including a list of the higher standards the business currently fails to meet or a list of the minimum standards the business is failing to meet and resulting in a 'minor failing' category
• a copy of the risk management assessment table
• details of the appeals process and timescales

We will consider the report from the inspector and any comments made by the applicant when deciding whether to issue a licence.

We must refuse to issue a licence if it considers that the applicant cannot meet the licence conditions, the granting of a licence will have a negative impact on animal welfare or if the level of accommodation, staffing or management is inadequate for the well-being of animals.

A licence cannot be issued to an operator who is disqualified.

The applicant will have the right of appeal to a First-tier Tribunal within 28 days of the decision notice.

To ensure fairness to the business, we have an appeals procedure in place for the operator to dispute the star rating given.

The business will be provided with supportive information (the inspection reports) which will highlight the inspecting officer’s decision on how the risk rating, compliance level and star rating has been determined.

The appeal must be made in writing within 21 days and will be assessed and determined by an appointed manager within the Department. If the business disagrees with the outcome of the appeal they can challenge the decision by means of judicial review.

The business is encouraged to discuss the matter initially with the inspecting officer where possible.

A business may wish to apply for a re-inspection or re-rating on a chargeable basis following completion of works to rectify any non-compliance or improvements to achieve higher standards.

The new Regulations introduce a range of enforcement powers to allow us to issue a suspension, variation or revocation notice where licence conditions are not being complied with; there is a breach of the regulations or issues relating to the protection of the welfare of an animal.

The service of an enforcement notice is subject to a strict process and includes for the provision of the right to representation and appeal.

Operators must meet the mandatory conditions issued by DEFRA.